The reaction of ozone with cholesterol yielded a complex series of products including 3β-hydroxy-5-oxo-5,6-secocholestan-6-al, 5-hydroperoxy- B-homo-6-oxa-cholestan-3β,7a-diol, and 5β,6β-epoxycholesterol. Whereas free radicalderived oxidized cholesterol products have been frequently studied for their cytotoxic effects, ozonized cholesterol products have not been studied, although they could reasonably play a role in the toxicity of ozone. Phospholipids containing unsaturated fatty acyl groups and cholesterol would be susceptible to attack by ozone, which may lead to the formation of cytotoxic products. Because of the chemical reactivity of ozone, it likely reacts with target molecules in pulmonary surfactant, a lipid-rich material that lines the epithelial cells in the airways. Exposure of the lung to concentrations of ozone found in ambient air is known to cause toxicity to the epithelial cells of the lung.
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